What does vitamin D do in the body?

 

What does vitamin D do in the body?

 

Vitamin D is both a nutrient we eat and a hormone our bodies make. It is a fat-soluble vitamin that has long been known to help the body absorb and retain calcium and phosphorus; both are critical for building bone.

 

ভিটামিন ডি হলো চর্বিতে দ্রবণীয় একটি সেকোস্টেরয়েড গ্রুপ যা ক্যালসিয়াম, ম্যাগনেসিয়াম ও ফসফেট এর আন্ত্রিক শোষণ এবং মানবদেহে বিভিন্ন জৈবিক প্রভাব সৃষ্টির জন্য দায়ী। মানবদেহে সেকোস্টেরয়েড গ্রুপের সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ যৌগ হল ভিটামিন ডি৩ এবং ভিটামিন ডি২ । ভিটামিন ডি এর প্রধান প্রাকৃতিক উৎস হলো সূর্যের আলো।

 

 

 What happens if vitamin D is low?

When vitamin D levels are low and the body isn't able to properly absorb calcium and phosphorus, there is an increased risk of bone pain, bone fractures, muscle pain and muscle weakness. In older adults, severe vitamin D deficiency (levels less than 10 ng/mL) may also contribute to an increased risk of falls.

 

What is normal vitamin D level?

between 20 and 40 ng/mL

The normal range of 25-hydroxy vitamin D is measured as nanograms per milliliter (ng/mL). Many experts recommend a level between 20 and 40 ng/mL. Others recommend a level between 30 and 50 ng/mL.

 

Vitamin D related disease /When lack of vitamin D in body?

 

In line with these findings, a wide number of studies have suggested associations of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) with

 respiratory tract infections,

osteoporosis,  and other

chronic and metabolic diseases such as

 obesity,

metabolic syndrome,

 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM),

 cancer,

 rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

 

What causes respiratory infections?

 Causative agents of lower respiratory infections are viral or bacterial. Viruses cause most cases of bronchitis and bronchiolitis. In community-acquired pneumonias, the most common bacterial agent is Streptococcus pneumoniae.

 

 

What are the five most common respiratory tract infections?

Excerpt. Respiratory tract infection (RTI) is defined as any infectious disease of the upper or lower respiratory tract. Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) include the common cold, laryngitis, pharyngitis/tonsillitis, acute rhinitis, acute rhinosinusitis and acute otitis media.

The common signs of a respiratory infection include:

Chest or nasal congestion.

Wet or dry cough.

Runny nose.

Fatigue.

Body aches.

Low-grade fever.

Sore throat.

 

Symptoms of vitamin D deficiency may include:

Fatigue.

Not sleeping well.

Bone pain or achiness.

Depression or feelings of sadness.

Hair loss.

Muscle weakness.

Loss of appetite.

Getting sick more easily.

 

Vitamin D deficiency disease:

 

Osteoporosis

It is a health condition that weakens bones, making them fragile and more likely to break. It develops slowly over several years and is often only diagnosed when a fall or sudden impact causes a bone to break (fracture). The most common injuries in people with osteoporosis are: broken wrist.

What is the main cause of osteoporosis?

Beginning in childhood and into old age, a diet low in calcium and vitamin D can increase your risk for osteoporosis and fractures. Excessive dieting or poor protein intake may increase your risk for bone loss and osteoporosis.

 

What are  symptoms of osteoporosis?

 

But once your bones have been weakened by osteoporosis, you might have signs and symptoms that include:

Back pain, caused by a broken or collapsed bone in the spine.

Loss of height over time.

A stooped posture.

A bone that breaks much more easily than expected.

 

1.Rickets

 is a rare disease that causes the bones to become soft and bend. African American infants and children are at higher risk of getting rickets. In adults, severe vitamin D deficiency leads to osteomalacia. Osteomalacia causes weak bones, bone pain, and muscle weakness.

What are the five symptoms of rickets?

Symptoms of rickets include:

pain or tenderness in the bones of the arms, legs, pelvis, or spine.

stunted growth and short stature.

bone fractures.

muscle cramps.

teeth deformities, such as: delayed tooth formation. holes in the enamel. ...

skeletal deformities, including: an oddly shaped skull. bowlegs, or legs that bow out.

 

What are the causes of rickets?

The most common cause of rickets is a lack of vitamin D or calcium in a child's diet. Both are essential for children to develop strong and healthy bones. Sources of vitamin D are: sunlight – your skin produces vitamin D when it's exposed to the sun, and we get most of our vitamin D this

 

Osteomalacia:

 

Osteomalacia describes a disorder of “bone softening” in adults that is usually due to prolonged deficiency of vitamin D. This deficiency results in abnormal osteoid mineralization.

 

What are the symptoms of osteomalacia?

pain felt in the bones and joints.

muscle pain and weakness, particularly following exercise.

bones that break more easily, particularly those in the hips, lower back and feet.

difficulty walking and a change in how you walk – possibly with a waddle.

 

What is the difference between osteomalacia and osteoporosis?

Two metabolic bone diseases decrease bone mass: osteoporosis and osteomalacia. In osteoporosis, bone mass decreases, but the ratio of bone mineral to bone matrix is normal. In osteomalacia, the ratio of bone mineral to bone matrix is low.

How vitamin D related to cancer?

 

 

 

Vitamin D deficiency has been found to be associated with a variety of cancers, including prostate, multiple myeloma, colorectal and breast cancer. Several studies have shown vitamin D levels to have an inverse relation with cancer mortality, while others have considered it a potential risk factor.

 

 

What is the mean of vitamin E?

 A nutrient that the body needs in small amounts to stay healthy and work the way it should

Source:

It is fat-soluble (can dissolve in fats and oils) and is found in seeds, nuts, leafy green vegetables, and vegetable oils. Vitamin E boosts the immune system and helps keep blood clots from forming.

 

What diseases cause vitamin E deficiency?

Ataxia with vitamin E deficiency (AVED)

Stroke.

Cerebral palsy.

Biliary disease.

Short-Bowl syndrome.

Mutations in the tocopherol transfer protein causing impaired fat metabolism.

 

Ataxia means without coordination. People with ataxia lose muscle control in their arms and legs. This may lead to a lack of balance, coordination, and trouble walking. Ataxia may affect the fingers, hands, arms, legs, body, speech, and even eye movements

 

Biliary disease refers to diseases affecting the bile ducts, gallbladder and other structures involved in the production and transportation of bile. Bile is a fluid produced by the liver that aids digestion.

 

বিলিয়ারি রোগ বলতে পিত্ত নালী, গলব্লাডার এবং পিত্ত উৎপাদন ও পরিবহনের সাথে জড়িত অন্যান্য কাঠামোকে প্রভাবিত করে এমন রোগকে বোঝায়। পিত্ত লিভার দ্বারা উত্পাদিত একটি তরল যা হজমে সহায়তা করে।

 

 

What is vitamin K do?

Vitamin K is a group of vitamins that the body needs for blood clotting, helping wounds to heal. There's also some evidence vitamin K may help keep bones healthy.

 

Which food is rich in vitamin K?

Food Sources

Green leafy vegetables including collard and turnip greens, kale, spinach, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, lettuces.

Soybean and canola oil.

Salad dressings made with soybean or canola oil.

Fortified meal replacement shakes.

কোন খাবারে ভিটামিন কে সমৃদ্ধ?

খাদ্য উত্স

কলার এবং শালগম শাক, কেল, পালং শাক, ব্রকলি, ব্রাসেলস স্প্রাউট, বাঁধাকপি, লেটুস সহ সবুজ শাক সবজি।

সয়াবিন এবং ক্যানোলা তেল।

সয়াবিন বা ক্যানোলা তেল দিয়ে তৈরি সালাদ ড্রেসিং।

ফোর্টিফাইড খাবার প্রতিস্থাপন ঝাঁকুনি

 

What are the vitamin related diseases?

These include, but are not limited to, Protein Energy Malnutrition, Scurvy, Rickets, Beriberi, Hypocalcemia, Osteomalacia, Vitamin K Deficiency, Pellagra, Xerophthalmia, and Iron Deficiency.

 

সুস্বাস্থ্য বজায় রাখার জন্য, খুব হালকা পরিমাণ খান, গভীরভাবে নিশ্বাস নিন, সবসময় আনন্দ নিয়ে থাকুন এবং বেচে থাকার একটা কারণ খুঁজে নিন। দেখবেন অনেক ভালো আছেন!!

– উইলিয়াম লন্ডেন